News
IVF success rates higher if egg collection is done in the summer, say researchers
New study suggests the best conditions for live births appear to be associated with summer

The time of year when eggs are collected from women’s ovaries during fertility treatment could make a difference to live birth rates, new research has found.
Australian researchers have found that transferring frozen then thawed embryos to women’s wombs from eggs collected in the summer resulted in a 30 per cent higher likelihood of babies born alive than if the eggs had been retrieved in the autumn.
The team found a 28 per cent increase in the chances of a live birth among women who had eggs collected during days that had the most sunshine compared to days with the least sunshine.
“Over the duration of our study, the average live birth rate following frozen embryo transfer in Australia was 27 births per 100 people. In our study, the overall live birth rate following frozen embryo transfer was 28 births per 100 people,” said Dr Sebastian Leathersich, an obstetrician, gynaecologist and fellow in reproductive endocrinology and infertility at Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, City Fertility Centre, and the King Edward Memorial Hospital in Perth, Australia, who led the study.
“If eggs were collected in autumn, it was 26 births per 100 people, but if they were collected in summer there were 31 births per 100 people. This improvement in birth rates was seen regardless of when the embryos were finally transferred to the women’s wombs.
“The live birth rates when eggs were collected in spring or winter lay between these two figures, and the differences were not statistically significant.”
Until now, there have been conflicting findings on the effects of the seasons on pregnancies and live birth rates following egg collection and embryo freezing.
“It’s long been known that there is seasonal variation in natural birth rates around the world, but many factors could contribute to this including environmental, behavioural and sociological factors,” Leathersich explained.
“Most studies looking at IVF success rates have looked at fresh embryo transfers, where the embryo is put back within a week of the egg being collected. This makes it impossible to separate the potential impacts of environmental factors, such as season and hours of sunshine, on egg development and on embryo implantation and early pregnancy development.
“These days, many embryos are ‘frozen’ and then transferred at a later date. We realised this gave us an opportunity to explore the impact of environment on egg development and on early pregnancy separately by analysing the conditions at the time of egg collection independently from the conditions at the time of embryo transfer.”
Leathersich and his colleagues analysed outcomes from all frozen embryo transfers carried out at a single clinic in Perth over a period of eight years, from January 2013 to December 2021.
During this time there were 3,659 frozen embryo transfers with embryos generated from 2,155 IVF cycles in 1,835 patients. Information on outcomes was missing for two frozen embryo transfers and so these were excluded, leaving 3,657 for analysis.
The researchers looked at birth outcomes according to season, temperatures, and the actual number of hours of bright sunshine, as opposed to calculating hours from sunrise to sunset. They obtained the data on weather from the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. They created three groups for duration of sunshine on days when eggs were collected: low sunshine days, medium sunshine days and high sunshine days.
“When we looked specifically at the duration of sunshine around the time the eggs were collected, we saw a similar increase to that seen for egg collection during the summer,” Leathersich explained.
“The live birth rate following a frozen embryo transfer from an egg that was collected on a day with fewer hours of sunshine was 25.8 per cent.
“This increased to 30.4 per cent when the embryo came from an egg that was collected on days with the most hours of sunshine. When we took into account the season and conditions on the day of the embryo transfer, this improvement was still seen.”
The temperature on the day of egg collection did not affect the chances of a live birth. However, the chances of a live birth rate decreased by 18 per cent when the embryos were transferred on the hottest days compared to the coolest days and there was a small increase in miscarriage rates.
The study suggests that the best conditions for live births appear to be associated with summer and increased sunshine hours on the day of egg retrieval, Leathersich said.
“There are many factors that influence fertility treatment success, age being among the most important. However, this study adds further weight to the importance of environmental factors and their influence on egg quality and embryonic development,” he added.
“We effectively separated the conditions at the time of egg collection from the conditions at the time of transfer, demonstrating that environmental factors when the eggs are developing are as, if not more, important than environmental factors during implantation and early pregnancy.
“Optimising factors such as avoiding smoking, alcohol and other toxins and maintaining healthy activity levels and weight should be paramount. However, clinicians and patients could also consider external factors such as environmental conditions.”
Factors that may play a role in the increased live birth rates after egg collection in the summer and during more sunshine hours include melatonin. Levels of this hormone are usually higher in winter and spring, and eggs take three to six months to develop before they are released from the ovaries.
Differences in lifestyles between winter and summer months may also play a role, scientists say. The finding that miscarriage rates were highest when embryo transfer took place on the hottest days are consistent with epidemiological studies that show higher rates of miscarriage in the summer months.
“This suggests that the negative effects of high temperature are more likely related to early pregnancy rather than egg development,” said Dr Leathersich.
Limitations of the study include the fact that it is a retrospective rather than prospective study: looking back at what had already happened. For this reason, it can’t show that conditions at the time of egg collection cause the difference in live birth rates, only that they are associated with them.
“Ideally, these findings should be replicated in other sites with different conditions and different treatment protocols to confirm the findings,” Leathersich concluded.
“It would also be interesting to look at the impact of season and environmental factors on sperm parameters, as this could have contributed to our observations. We are now planning to analyse this same group of patients using air quality data, as there may be seasonal changes in exposure to harmful pollutants which could negatively affect reproductive outcomes.
“Finally, given the huge increase in so-called ‘social egg freezing’ for fertility preservation and the fact that this group generally have flexibility about when they choose to undergo treatment, it would be very interesting to see if these observations hold true with frozen eggs that are thawed and fertilised years later.
“Any improved outcomes in this group could have big impacts for women making decisions about their future fertility, but the long-term follow-up required means it is likely to be some time before we can draw any conclusions for this population.”
News
Femtech World reveals startup of the year shortlist

We are excited unveil the three finalists competing for one of the Femtech World Awards’ most coveted honours: the Startup of the Year Award, sponsored by Future Fertility.
This award celebrates an early-stage company making a bold impact in women’s health through innovation, vision and execution.
The winner will be announced at our virtual ceremony on 19 June, with the decision made by a representative from category sponsor Future Fertility.
Congratulations to the shortlist and thank you to everyone who entered or nominated.
Startup of the Year Shortlist

Hello Inside is the first women’s health AI company to turn daily metabolic signals into outcomes women feel and healthcare systems reimburse.
Women’s health has long been under-researched, and current AI benchmarks fail on women’s health questions roughly sixty percent of the time.
Hello Inside built the architecture to close that gap.
Across four years and 12,000+ validated metabolic profiles, three in four women improve at least one symptom within ninety days.
They lose four kilograms in three months, moving from overweight into the healthy range. In a clinical study with Alisa Vitti’s Flo Living, 91.9 per cent reduced PMS burden within sixty days.


U-Ploid is an early-stage biotechnology company tackling one of the most fundamental challenges in fertility care: the sharp, age-related decline in egg quality that limits outcomes across IVF and egg freezing.
While much of the field focuses on improving assessment and selection, U-Ploid is developing a first-in-class therapeutic approach designed to improve egg quality itself by addressing the biological causes of age-related chromosomal errors.
Supported by strong preclinical evidence and now advancing into human studies, U-Ploid combines scientific rigour, regulatory discipline and long-term vision to help redefine what is possible in fertility care.
News
Gestational diabetes increases risk of type 2 diabetes – even at normal weight, study finds

Gestational diabetes is a strong risk factor for future type 2 diabetes, even in women with normal pre-pregnancy weight, according to a study at the University of Gothenburg.
The researchers call for earlier testing and better follow-up.
“Our results show that gestational diabetes functions as a kind of stress test for the body’s ability to manage blood sugar, and identifies women with a greatly increased risk of future type 2 diabetes”, said Jon Edqvist, PhD and affiliated to research at the University of Gothenburg, and operating room nurse at Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
Gestational diabetes is a special type of diabetes that can affect pregnant women.
The condition is defined as elevated blood sugar levels, without previously known diabetes. Treatment involves self-monitoring of blood sugar, advice on lifestyle habits and, if necessary, medication.
Identifying gestational diabetes is important because the disease increases the risk of complications such as preeclampsia, the need for a cesarean section and high birth weight for the baby.
Those who have had gestational diabetes are also at higher risk of later developing type 2 diabetes.
In the current study, published in eClinicalMedicine, researchers now show that gestational diabetes is a strong indicator of future risk of developing type 2 diabetes, even in women with normal weight before pregnancy.
Elevated risk even with normal weight
The study is based on data from the Medical Birth Registry on just over 1.15 million first-time mothers in Sweden, who gave birth between 1987 and 2019. 16,870 women with confirmed gestational diabetes were compared with age-matched women without the diagnosis. The median follow-up period was nine years.
The results show that women with a BMI of 35 and above, i.e. severe obesity, had an almost tenfold increased risk of developing gestational diabetes compared to women with normal weight.
The risk of subsequent type 2 diabetes also increased with higher BMI, but it was significantly increased even with normal weight, which the researchers describe as particularly worrying.
More follow-up and more studies
The researchers behind the study welcome the recently updated recommendations on gestational diabetes in Sweden, where a higher proportion of pregnant women at increased risk are expected to be offered testing earlier in pregnancy, and if necessary, interventions.
“Diagnostics and care of gestational diabetes have looked very different in different parts of the country,” said Annika Rosengren, professor at the University of Gothenburg.
“There is a need for both improved follow-up after gestational diabetes, and more studies that investigate how such follow-up affects future health and prognosis”
News
The invisible infrastructure of patient safety and why digital governance matters

By Misbah Mahmood, CXIO & Clinical Safety Officer, Bradford District Care Trust, (Former digital midwife at Leeds Teaching Hospitals and long-standing K2/HHA customer and collaborator)
Across the NHS, digital governance is frequently misunderstood.
It is often seen as a bureaucratic necessity or a technical, administrative process that becomes invisible once a system goes live or as a barrier to innovation when services are under pressure to change quickly.
However, digital systems do far more than document care. They shape how care is delivered, how risk is identified and interpreted, and how clinical decisions are made.
When systems are well designed and well governed, they support clinical judgement and safe practice.
When they are not, the impact is felt directly at the bedside, as illustrated by recent concerns over an AI discharge summary tool trialled at Chelsea and Westminster.
Here, unresolved questions about regulatory status and assurance exposed the consequences of deploying clinically influential technology without sufficient clarity or oversight.
In maternity services in particular, care is complex, unpredictable, and deeply dependent on context. Rapid decision making and information continuity across settings are essential.
As digital systems increasingly influence day-to-day practice, the way they are designed, governed, and used can either reinforce safe care or quietly undermine it.
Digital governance distinguishes technology that protects women and babies from technology that introduces hidden risk.
The myth of “invisible infrastructure”
When people hear the word “governance”, they often think of forms, meetings and compliance. For clinicians, it can feel like a tick box exercise that sits in the way of getting things done.
But governance decisions show up at the most critical moments of care, often without being named as such.
As clinicians, we instinctively understand safety in physical terms. If a blood pressure machine stops working, that’s immediately recognised as a patient safety issue. It gets escalated, reported and fixed.
But for a long time, digital issues have not been treated the same way. Slow systems, unreliable access, or inability to view the EPR were often accepted as “just one of those things”. Yet the impact on safety can be just as significant.
If you can’t see the record, you can’t see the risks. If you can’t trust the system, you start working around it.
Electronic patient records are no longer passive repositories of information. They influence what clinicians notice, how quickly they escalate concerns and what decisions they make.
That means the way these systems are governed, and how they are designed, tested and introduced, has direct consequences for patient safety.
A good example of this is central foetal monitoring. Used well, it can support situational awareness. But without clear governance and shared understanding, it can also create a false sense of security.
Being explicit that central monitoring does not replace bedside assessment or escalation is essential. If staff assume “someone else is watching”, the technology has unintentionally weakened safety.
Why safe digital infrastructure matters more than ever in maternity
Maternity care is non‑linear. Risk changes rapidly, and plans change, as women move between community and hospital settings.
Many digital systems are built around rigid templates and linear workflows that do not reflect this reality. When systems don’t fit practice, practice adapts.
Parallel notes, paper diaries, and reliance on free text are not resistance to digital tools; they are practical responses to keep care safe.
Operational realities add further challenge. Community midwives work across geography with unreliable connectivity, making offline access a safety requirement rather than a technical convenience.
Systems that support secure offline working reduce rushed documentation and missed safety checks.

Misbah Mahmood
On the labour ward, pressures intensify. Emergencies escalate quickly and staff are often fatigued. Here, usability becomes inseparable from safety.
Systems that add unnecessary steps increase cognitive load precisely when attention must remain on the patient. At four in the morning, design can either support safe decision‑making or work against it.
When the safest decision is saying “not now”
Digital governance is as much about preventing unsafe change as enabling innovation. Not every system that is technically ready is clinically ready.
Introducing change during periods of strain, limited training, or inadequate testing increases risk.
Pausing a rollout is rarely comfortable as delivery pressures create momentum to proceed. Effective governance, however, gives organisations permission to prioritise safety over speed.
Delaying implementation to allow further testing or clinical engagement often leads to safer adoption and greater staff trust.
Saying “not now” is not resistance to change. It is a mature safety response, as introducing change at the wrong time can cause harm that is far harder to undo.
Co‑design, not configuration: new models for supplier partnerships
Safe digital transformation depends on genuine partnership between NHS teams and suppliers, with shared responsibility for clinical risk.
Effective collaboration starts early, with meaningful clinical involvement, transparency about system constraints, and shared understanding of risk.
It continues through testing in real clinical environments and shared accountability for safety outcomes after go‑live.
Working with Harris Health Alliance and the K2 maternity tool made these conversations more effective.
Responsiveness to safety feedback was faster, and small design changes, such as surfacing critical risk information or adding validation checks to reduce error under fatigue, had significant impact on usability and safety.
Every change, however minor it appears, is a clinical safety decision. Digital governance provides the structure to recognise this and ensure changes are designed and implemented accordingly.
People, process and technology are an interdependent system
Technology does not fail in isolation. Risk emerges when people, processes, and digital systems are misaligned. Even the most sophisticated EPR will struggle if staff are unsupported, processes have not evolved, or workflows do not reflect clinical reality.
Technology can also obscure risk by embedding unsafe or outdated practices into systems that appear efficient when governance focuses only on technical delivery.
Effective digital governance recognises that patient safety depends on the interaction between people, processes, and technology.
Skills, confidence, and behaviours matter, as do evidence‑based, consistent processes and systems that are usable, reliable, and aligned with real clinical work.
Safety improves when these elements are deliberately aligned and governance focuses on learning rather than blame.
Design matters and systems must be fast, predictable, and forgiving of human fatigue. The same principle is evident in data quality.
A yes/no field relating to cord prolapse produced alarming figures due to human factors rather than practice.
Introducing a simple validation check prompting confirmation improved data quality and reduced risk by addressing system design, not individual behaviour.
This is digital governance in practice. It is recognising where design and reality collide and fixing the system rather than blaming clinicians.
From invisible to essential
Digital governance should no longer be invisible. It must be recognised, valued, and treated as a core component of patient safety.
That means involving clinical safety expertise from the outset, listening to frontline concerns, designing for real-world conditions, and being willing to pause when something does not feel safe.
The absence of incidents does not mean the absence of risk; often, it means the system has not yet failed under the wrong circumstances.
Maternity services, with their complexity and sensitivity, have much to teach the wider NHS about safe digital transformation.
When governance is shared, practical, and grounded in real clinical experience, digital systems can genuinely support safer care and not just record it.
Entrepreneur4 weeks agoFuture Fertility raises Series A financing to scale AI tools redefining fertility care worldwide
News4 weeks agoWomen’s digital health market set to reach US$5.28 billion in 2026 – report
Insight4 weeks agoWhy the UK’s fertility rate keeps falling – and what it means if you’re trying now
Wellness3 weeks agoWomen’s HealthX unveils Northwell Health, Corewell Health, Biogen & more to headline Chronic Disease stage
Motherhood3 weeks agoWhat Maternal Mental Health Month reveals about where postpartum support actually breaks down
Fertility4 weeks agoToxins and climate harms having ‘alarming’ effect on fertility, research warns
News2 weeks agoNIH Grant terminations disproportionately impact minority scientists, research finds
Adolescent health2 weeks agoWUKA brings Period-Positive Pool Party to London Aquatics Centre to keep girls swimming through puberty












Pingback: Powerful short film from Future Fertility uniquely captures the emotional journey of fertility treatment